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Notebook computer

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the broader class of portable computer, see <a href="Laptop" title="Laptop">Laptop</a>.</div>

A notebook computer or notebook is, historically, a <a href="Laptop" title="Laptop">laptop</a> whose length and width approximate that of <a href="Letter_paper" class="mw-redirect" title="Letter paper">letter paper</a> (8.5 by 11 inches or 220 by 280 millimetres).<a href="#cite_note-iso-2">[a]</a>

The term notebook was coined to describe slab-like <a href="Portable_computer" title="Portable computer">portable computers</a> that had a letter-paper footprint, such as <a href="Epson" title="Epson">Epson</a>'s <a href="Epson_HX-20" title="Epson HX-20">HX-20</a> and <a href="Tandy_Corporation" title="Tandy Corporation">Tandy</a>'s <a href="TRS-80_Model_100" title="TRS-80 Model 100">TRS-80 Model 100</a> of the early 1980s. The popularity of this <a href="Form_factor_(design)" title="Form factor (design)">form factor</a> waned in the middle of the decade, as larger, <a href="Clamshell_design" title="Clamshell design">clamshell</a>-style laptops offered far more capability. In 1988, <a href="NEC" title="NEC">NEC</a>'s <a href="NEC_UltraLite" title="NEC UltraLite">UltraLite</a> defined a new category of notebook: it achieved <a href="IBM_PC_compatible" title="IBM PC compatible">IBM PC compatibility</a>, making it technically as versatile as the largest laptops, while occupying a letter-paper footprint in a clamshell case. A handful of computer manufacturers followed suit with their own notebooks, including <a href="Compaq" title="Compaq">Compaq</a>, whose successful <a href="Compaq_LTE" title="Compaq LTE">LTE</a> achieved full feature parity with laptops and spurred many others to produce their own notebooks. By 1991, the notebook industry was in full swing.

Notebooks and laptops occupied distinct market segments into the mid-1990s, but customer preference for larger screens led to notebooks <a href="Technological_convergence" title="Technological convergence">converging</a> with laptops in the late 1990s. Since the early 2000s, the terms laptop and notebook are used interchangeably, irrespective of physical dimensions, with laptop being the more common term in English-speaking territories.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2></div>

The terms laptop and notebook both trace their origins to the early 1980s, coined to describe <a href="Portable_computer" title="Portable computer">portable computers</a> in a size class smaller than the contemporary mainstream units (so-called <a href="Luggable_computer" class="mw-redirect" title="Luggable computer">"luggables"</a>) but larger than <a href="Pocket_computer" title="Pocket computer">pocket computers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-3">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-byte-4">[3]</a> The etymologist <a href="William_Safire" title="William Safire">William Safire</a> traced the origin of laptop to some time before 1984;<a href="#cite_note-safire-5">[4]</a> the earliest attestation of laptop found by the <a href="Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a> dates to 1983.<a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a> The word is modeled after the term desktop, as in <a href="Desktop_computer" title="Desktop computer">desktop computer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-safire-5">[4]</a> Notebook, meanwhile, emerged earlier in 1982<a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a> to describe <a href="Epson" title="Epson">Epson</a>'s <a href="Epson_HX-20" title="Epson HX-20">HX-20</a> portable, whose dimensions roughly correspond to a <a href="Letter_paper" class="mw-redirect" title="Letter paper">letter</a>-sized <a href="Notebook" title="Notebook">pad of paper</a>.<a href="#cite_note-byte-4">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a>: 9 <a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

In the mid-1980s, notebooks and laptops came to represent differing <a href="Form_factor_(design)" title="Form factor (design)">form factors</a> of portable computer in the technology press, with notebooks possessing simplified hardware and a slab-like appearance with exposed keyboard (typified by the HX-20 and the <a href="TRS-80_Model_100" title="TRS-80 Model 100">TRS-80 Model 100</a>); and laptops possessing more advanced hardware and a <a href="Clamshell_design" title="Clamshell design">clamshell case</a> to protect the keyboard.<a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-winter-11">[10]</a> These early notebooks were all but discontinued by 1987, with laptops gaining favor due to their increased versatility.<a href="#cite_note-winter-11">[10]</a>

By this point, however, laptops were gaining hardware features faster than the industry could <a href="Miniaturization" title="Miniaturization">miniaturize</a> their parts, leading to very heavy laptops—some upwards of 20 pounds (9.1 kg).<a href="#cite_note-fd-12">[11]</a>: 16 <a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> In October 1988, <a href="NEC" title="NEC">NEC</a> released the <a href="NEC_UltraLite" title="NEC UltraLite">UltraLite</a>, the first notebook-sized clamshell laptop <a href="IBM_PC_compatible" title="IBM PC compatible">compatible with the IBM PC</a>. The term notebook was promptly revived by journalists to describe the new class of laptop that the UltraLite had invented.<a href="#cite_note-fd-12">[11]</a>: 16 <a href="#cite_note-wsj-14">[13]</a> Competitors soon came out with competing models, and while initial entries like the UltraLite made concessions in terms of data storage compatibility,<a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[b]</a> <a href="Compaq" title="Compaq">Compaq</a>'s <a href="Compaq_LTE" title="Compaq LTE">LTE</a> line of notebooks in 1989 was the first to have full feature parity with the heaviest laptops of the time and jumpstarted the industry for these new notebooks, with scores of other manufacturers announcing their own notebooks.<a href="#cite_note-doesitagain-16">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[16]</a> <a href="Toshiba" title="Toshiba">Toshiba</a> in 1989 released the <a href="Dynabook_Inc." title="Dynabook Inc.">DynaBook</a> in Japan, the "world's first <a href="ISO_216" title="ISO 216">A4</a> <a href="Binder_clip" title="Binder clip">binder</a> size" notebook computer.<a href="#cite_note-19">[17]</a>

In direct response to Compaq,<a href="#cite_note-managing-20">[18]</a>: 59 <a href="#cite_note-blue-21">[19]</a>: 75 both <a href="Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple</a> and <a href="IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>, top players in the computer industry, made their hotly anticipated entries in the notebook market in 1991 and 1992, respectively, with the <a href="PowerBook" title="PowerBook">PowerBook</a> and the <a href="PS/2_Note" class="mw-redirect" title="PS/2 Note">PS/2 Note</a> (a predecessor to the <a href="ThinkPad" title="ThinkPad">ThinkPad</a>).<a href="#cite_note-22">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[21]</a> Under the aegis of the <a href="Industrial_Technology_Research_Institute" title="Industrial Technology Research Institute">Industrial Technology Research Institute</a>, dozens of Taiwanese computer manufacturers formed a consortium to mass manufacture notebook computers starting in 1991. These Taiwanese notebook computers soon flooded the West, bringing the cost of notebooks down on the low end of the market.<a href="#cite_note-24">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[23]</a>

Laptops and notebooks continued to occupy discrete market segments into the mid-1990s, with unit sales tracked separately by research firms such as <a href="Gartner_Dataquest" class="mw-redirect" title="Gartner Dataquest">Dataquest</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-vowels-27">[25]</a> Notebooks were seen as having a footprint exactly that of or smaller than letter paper (8.5 by 11 inches or 22 by 28 centimetres),<a href="#cite_note-iso-2">[a]</a> while laptops were larger.<a href="#cite_note-vowels-27">[25]</a> This distinction was considered important to business buyers, whose <a href="Attach%C3%A9_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Attaché case">attaché cases</a> often had a compartment exactly that size.<a href="#cite_note-be-28">[26]</a> An additional distinction was weight, with 8 pounds (3.6 kg) a loose upper limit for what journalists would accept as a "notebook" in the press.<a href="#cite_note-29">[27]</a> Aside from size and weight considerations, notebooks were also seen as more sleek and stylish than the bulkier laptops.<a href="#cite_note-30">[28]</a> Compared to notebooks, however, laptops saw quicker improvements in processing speed and memory; featured better upgradability; and were less easy to <a href="Laptop_theft" title="Laptop theft">steal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-31">[29]</a> In addition, the earliest notebooks had monochrome-only <a href="Liquid-crystal_display" title="Liquid-crystal display">LCDs</a>, whereas laptops had color LCDs since 1989 (with NEC's <a href="NEC_ProSpeed" title="NEC ProSpeed">ProSpeed CSX</a>).<a href="#cite_note-pcu-32">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-33">[31]</a> Others still preferred laptops for their keyboards, which featured fuller-sized layouts and often superior build quality; journalists evaluated the keyboard poorly in most early notebooks.<a href="#cite_note-34">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[33]</a>

The year 1991 saw the first notebooks with color displays,<a href="#cite_note-36">[34]</a> as well as the emergence of <a href="Subnotebook" title="Subnotebook">subnotebooks</a>, which occupy a size class in between notebooks and <a href="Palmtop_PC" title="Palmtop PC">palmtop PCs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[36]</a> By late 1992, the higher-end notebooks had run into the same miniaturization issues that laptops had encountered in the 1980s, with some notebooks weighing as much as 14 pounds (6.4 kg).<a href="#cite_note-39">[37]</a>

Starting in 1997, screen sizes in notebook computers began increasing rapidly, fueled by consumer preference toward larger displays over compactness.<a href="#cite_note-40">[38]</a> The emergence of LCD panels larger than 12.1 inches diagonally in early 1997 led to the breaking of the 8.5-by-11-inch size barrier.<a href="#cite_note-41">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-42">[40]</a> By 1999, portable manufacturers had started integrating 13-, 14-, and even 15-inch LCD panels on their notebooks.<a href="#cite_note-43">[41]</a> <a href="Ergonomics" title="Ergonomics">Ergonomic</a> considerations, as well the integration of <a href="Pointing_device" title="Pointing device">pointing devices</a> such as <a href="Touchpad" title="Touchpad">touchpads</a>, also necessitated increasing the size of laptops to accommodate a larger <a href="Palm_rest" class="mw-redirect" title="Palm rest">palm rest</a> area. These developments led to the distinction between and laptops and notebooks <a href="Technological_convergence" title="Technological convergence">becoming blurred</a> by the early 2000s. In English-speaking territories, laptop is now the more common term to describe any clamshell portable computer—notebook-sized or otherwise—likely because of the lack of ambiguity with actual paper <a href="Notebook" title="Notebook">notebooks</a>.<a href="#cite_note-mueller-44">[42]</a>

<ul><li><a href="Dynabook" title="Dynabook">Dynabook</a></li>

<li><a href="Netbook" title="Netbook">Netbook</a></li>

<li><a href="Smartbook" title="Smartbook">Smartbook</a></li>

<li><a href="Ultrabook" title="Ultrabook">Ultrabook</a></li>

<li><a href="Mobile_workstation" title="Mobile workstation">Mobile workstation</a></li>

<li><a href="Pizza-box_form_factor" title="Pizza-box form factor">Pizza-box form factor</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-iso-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iso_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-iso_2-1">b</a> In countries observing <a href="ISO_216" title="ISO 216">ISO 216</a>, <a href="A4_paper" class="mw-redirect" title="A4 paper">A4</a>-sized paper (210 by 297 millimetres or 8.27 by 11.7 inches) was used as the benchmark for the dimensions of notebooks.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a>

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<li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> For example, the <a href="NEC_UltraLite" title="NEC UltraLite">UltraLite</a> as shipped supported only proprietary solid-state <a href="Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory">RAM</a> and <a href="Read-only_memory" title="Read-only memory">ROM</a> cartridges to exchange data, as opposed to the standard (for the time) <a href="Floppy_disk" title="Floppy disk">floppy disk</a>.<a href="#cite_note-doesitagain-16">[15]</a>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFHartJohn_Stapleton2012" class="citation book cs1">Hart, Norman; John Stapleton (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=q5ArBgAAQBAJ">The CIM Marketing Dictionary</a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 205. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9781136008344</bdi> – via Google Books.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFReid1988" class="citation news cs1">Reid, T. R. (October 10, 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240505050802/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1988/10/10/the-latest-wave-in-personal-computers-is-small-but-fast/1f947411-c060-43e2-aa57-9ee496eaca9b/">"The Latest Wave in Personal Computers Is Small but Fast"</a>. The Washington Post. p. F28. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1988/10/10/the-latest-wave-in-personal-computers-is-small-but-fast/1f947411-c060-43e2-aa57-9ee496eaca9b/">the original</a> on May 5, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-byte-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-byte_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-byte_4-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFWilliams1982" class="citation journal cs1">Williams, Gregg (April 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/byte-magazine-1982-04/page/n105/">"The First Byte-Sized Computer"</a>. Byte. 7 (4). McGraw-Hill: 104–105 – via the Internet Archive.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-safire-5">^ <a href="#cite_ref-safire_5-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-safire_5-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFSafire2011" class="citation book cs1">Safire, William (2011) [1993]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WYV0aLwMd6UC">Quoth the Maven: More on Language from William Safire</a>. Random House Publishing Group. p. 352. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780307799746</bdi> – via Google Books.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240505044414/https://www.oed.com/dictionary/laptop_n?tl=true">"laptop, n. & adj"</a>. Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. n.d. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/dictionary/laptop_n">the original</a> on May 5, 2024.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240505183728/https://www.oed.com/dictionary/notebook-computer_n?tl=true">"notebook computer, n."</a> Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. n.d. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/dictionary/notebook-computer_n">the original</a> on May 5, 2024.</cite>

</li>

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<li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFEditor1986" class="citation journal cs1">Editor (July 1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5hdeC0k_JHwC&pg=PA8">"Cover Story"</a>. PC Magazine. 5 (13). Ziff-Davis: 8 – via Google Books.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-winter-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-winter_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-winter_11-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFWinter1988" class="citation journal cs1">Winter, Christine (April 24, 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/282462641/">"Lean to Laptops Appears to Be More Than Fitting"</a>. Chicago Tribune: 1. <a href="ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/282462641">282462641</a>.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-fd-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fd_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-fd_12-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFGookin2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="Dan_Gookin" title="Dan Gookin">Gookin, Dan</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=o8jSwAEACAAJ">Laptops for Dummies</a>. Wiley. pp. 7–17. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>9780764575556</bdi> – via Google Books.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFReid1989" class="citation news cs1">Reid, T. R. (July 31, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20240505061154/https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1989/07/31/laptops-and-workstations-opposite-ends-in-a-crowded-pc-market/00fc5035-4efc-487d-b798-1ef99648648b/">"Laptops and Workstations: Opposite Ends in a Crowded PC Market"</a>. The Washington Post. p. F22. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/business/1989/07/31/laptops-and-workstations-opposite-ends-in-a-crowded-pc-market/00fc5035-4efc-487d-b798-1ef99648648b/">the original</a> on May 5, 2024. <q>On the small side, computer makers are responding with alacrity to the complaints about the sheer heft of the PCs that now are sold under the label 'laptop'.</q></cite>

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<li id="cite_note-wsj-14"><a href="#cite_ref-wsj_14-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFCarroll1988" class="citation journal cs1">Carroll, Paul B. (October 5, 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/398086876/">"Laptop Computer Market Heats Up with New Models"</a>. The Wall Street Journal. Dow Jones & Company: 1. <a href="ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/docview/398086876">398086876</a>. <q>... thin enough to fit in an interoffice envelope, the NEC [UltraLite] even revived talk of 'notebook computers'.</q></cite>

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<li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFLewis1989" class="citation journal cs1">Lewis, Peter H. (July 23, 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150525122403/https://www.nytimes.com/1989/07/23/business/the-executive-computer-honey-they-shrunk-the-computer.html">"Honey, They Shrunk the Computer"</a>. The New York Times: A11. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/07/23/business/the-executive-computer-honey-they-shrunk-the-computer.html">the original</a> on May 25, 2015.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFSims1999" class="citation journal cs1">Sims, Calvin (September 28, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150527105409/https://www.nytimes.com/1999/09/28/business/asia-fires-its-rounds-in-the-flat-screen-war-get-in-line-for-those-notebook-pc-s.html">"Asia Fires Its Rounds in the Flat-Screen War"</a>. The New York Times: 1. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1999/09/28/business/asia-fires-its-rounds-in-the-flat-screen-war-get-in-line-for-those-notebook-pc-s.html">the original</a> on May 27, 2015.</cite>

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</ol></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/notebooks_2">"Notebooks" (1992)</a>, episode of <a href="Computer_Chronicles" title="Computer Chronicles">Computer Chronicles</a> at the <a href="Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Computer_sizes_and_classes279" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="List_of_computer_size_categories" title="List of computer size categories">Computer sizes</a> and <a href="Classes_of_computers" title="Classes of computers">classes</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Microcomputer" title="Microcomputer">Micro</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Static</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Computer_appliance" title="Computer appliance">Appliances</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Arcade_cabinet" title="Arcade cabinet">Arcade cabinet</a></li>

<li><a href="Diskless_node" title="Diskless node">Diskless node</a></li>

<li><a href="Internet_appliance" title="Internet appliance">Internet appliance</a></li>

<li><a href="Intelligent_terminal" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligent terminal">Intelligent terminal</a></li>

<li><a href="Interactive_kiosk" title="Interactive kiosk">Interactive kiosk</a></li>

<li><a href="Rich_client" title="Rich client">Rich client</a></li>

<li><a href="Simulator_ride" title="Simulator ride">Simulator</a></li>

<li><a href="Smart_speaker" title="Smart speaker">Smart speaker</a></li>

<li><a href="Smart_TV" title="Smart TV">Smart TV</a></li>

<li><a href="Thin_client" title="Thin client">Thin client</a></li>

<li><a href="Video_game_console" title="Video game console">Video game console</a>

<ul><li><a href="Home_video_game_console" title="Home video game console">Home console</a></li>

<li><a href="Microconsole" title="Microconsole">Microconsole</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Computers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Gaming_computer" title="Gaming computer">Gaming</a></li>

<li><a href="Industrial_PC" title="Industrial PC">Industrial</a></li>

<li><a href="Personal_computer" title="Personal computer">Personal</a>

<ul><li><a href="Personal_supercomputer" title="Personal supercomputer">Personal super</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Public_computer" title="Public computer">Public</a></li>

<li><a href="Server_(computing)" title="Server (computing)">Server</a>

<ul><li><a href="Home_server" title="Home server">Home server</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Workstation" title="Workstation">Workstation</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By size</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Panel_PC" title="Panel PC">Panel</a></li>

<li><a href="Table_computer" title="Table computer">Tabletop</a></li>

<li><a href="Surface_computer" title="Surface computer">Surface</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Desktop_computer" title="Desktop computer">Desktop</a>

<ul><li><a href="Deskside_computer" class="mw-redirect" title="Deskside computer">Deskside</a></li>

<li><a href="Pizza-box_form_factor" title="Pizza-box form factor">Pizza box</a></li>

<li><a href="Computer_tower" title="Computer tower">Tower</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Portable_computer" title="Portable computer">Portable</a></li>

<li><a href="Small_form_factor_PC" title="Small form factor PC">Small form factor</a>

<li><a href="Stick_PC" title="Stick PC">Stick PC</a></li></ul></li>

<ul><li><a href="Blade_server" title="Blade server">Blade server</a></li>

<li><a href="Blade_PC" title="Blade PC">Blade PC</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Mobile_computing" title="Mobile computing">Mobile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Laptop" title="Laptop">Laptop</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="2-in-1_laptop#2-in-1_convertible" title="2-in-1 laptop">Convertible</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Cloudbook" title="Cloudbook">Cloudbook</a></li>

<li><a href="Mobile_workstation" title="Mobile workstation">Mobile workstation</a></li>

<li><a href="Subnotebook" title="Subnotebook">Subnotebook</a>

<ul><li><a href="Netbook" title="Netbook">Netbook</a></li>

<li><a href="Smartbook" title="Smartbook">Smartbook</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Tablet_computer" title="Tablet computer">Tablet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="2-in-1_laptop#2-in-1_detachable" title="2-in-1 laptop">Detachable</a></li>

<li><a href="Phablet" title="Phablet">Phablet</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Mobile_device" title="Mobile device">Handheld</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Electronic_organizer" title="Electronic organizer">Electronic organizer</a></li>

<li><a href="E-reader" title="E-reader">E-reader</a></li>

<li><a href="Handheld_game_console" title="Handheld game console">Handheld game console</a></li>

<li><a href="Handheld_PC" title="Handheld PC">Handheld PC</a></li>

<li><a href="Mobile_data_terminal" title="Mobile data terminal">Mobile data terminal</a></li>

<li><a href="Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">Mobile phone</a>

<ul><li><a href="Camera_phone" title="Camera phone">Camera</a></li>

<li><a href="Feature_phone" title="Feature phone">Feature</a></li>

<li><a href="Smartphone" title="Smartphone">Smartphone</a>

<ul><li><a href="Foldable_smartphone" title="Foldable smartphone">Foldable</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Palmtop_PC" title="Palmtop PC">Palmtop PC</a></li>

<li><a href="Personal_digital_assistant" title="Personal digital assistant">Personal digital assistant</a></li>

<li><a href="Pocket_computer" title="Pocket computer">Pocket</a></li>

<li><a href="Portable_data_terminal" title="Portable data terminal">Portable data terminal</a></li>

<li><a href="Portable_media_player" title="Portable media player">Portable media player</a></li>

<li><a href="Siftable" title="Siftable">Siftable</a></li>

<li><a href="Ultra-mobile_PC" title="Ultra-mobile PC">Ultra-mobile PC</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Calculator" title="Calculator">Calculator</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Graphing_calculator" title="Graphing calculator">Graphing</a></li>

<li><a href="Programmable_calculator" title="Programmable calculator">Programmable</a></li>

<li><a href="Scientific_calculator" title="Scientific calculator">Scientific</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Wearable_computer" title="Wearable computer">Wearable</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Fitness_tracker" title="Fitness tracker">Fitness tracker</a>

<ul><li><a href="Smart_band" class="mw-redirect" title="Smart band">Smart band</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Watch#Digital" title="Watch">Digital wristwatch</a>

<ul><li><a href="Calculator_watch" title="Calculator watch">Calculator watch</a></li>

<li><a href="Smartwatch" title="Smartwatch">Smartwatch</a></li>

<li><a href="GPS_watch" title="GPS watch">Sportwatch</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Smartglasses" title="Smartglasses">Smartglasses</a></li>

<li><a href="Smart_ring" title="Smart ring">Smart ring</a></li></ul>

<li><a href="Superminicomputer" title="Superminicomputer">Supermini</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Large</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Mainframe_computer" title="Mainframe computer">Mainframe</a></li>

<li><a href="Minisupercomputer" title="Minisupercomputer">Minisuper</a></li>

<li><a href="Supercomputer" title="Supercomputer">Super</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Embedded_system" title="Embedded system">Embedded system</a></li>

<li><a href="Information_appliance" title="Information appliance">Information appliance</a></li>

<li><a href="Microcontroller" title="Microcontroller">Microcontroller</a></li>

<li><a href="Rugged_computer" title="Rugged computer">Rugged</a>

<ul><li><a href="Rugged_smartphone" title="Rugged smartphone">Rugged smartphone</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Single-board_computer" title="Single-board computer">Single-board</a>

<ul><li><a href="Computer-on-module" title="Computer-on-module">Computer-on-module</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Smartdust" title="Smartdust">Smartdust</a></li>

<li><a href="Wireless_sensor_network" title="Wireless sensor network">Wireless sensor network</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li> Category</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-08-04" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Notebook_computer&oldid=1304111437">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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